Table 4 (e-only): Summary of strength of evidence and effect estimates for procedural rhythm-control therapies

• A new row was added for “Transcatheter PVI vs. PV Antrum Radial Linear Ablation” to reflect the interventions used in a new included study. The SOE was Insufficient for all outcomes. • The two comparisons (1) “Surgical Maze vs. Standard of Care (Mitral Valve Surgery) or AADs” and (2) “PVI at the Time of Cardiac Surgery vs. Cardiac Surgery Alone or in Combination with AADs or Catheter Ablation” were combined in a new category called “Surgical Maze (including PVI) vs. Standard of Care (Mitral Valve Surgery) or AADs” to better reflect the overlap of these categories/interventions. The merging of these two comparisons resulted in the following changes to SOE ratings: o SOE for Restoration of Sinus Rhythm = High (was Insufficient for old comparison 1 and High for old comparison 2); no new studies added. o SOE for Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm = High (was Moderate for old comparison 1 and High for old comparison 2); one heterogeneous study was dropped from the analysis, which increased the consistency of findings. o SOE for Stroke = Moderate (was Insufficient for old comparison 1 and Low for old comparison 2); one new, consistent study increased the SOE rating.